PEN International – Fængslede Forfatteres Dag 15. november

Hvert år markerer PEN verden over den 15. november, der er den internationale Day of the Imprisoned Writer. Det sker ved at fremhæve nogle af de triste og grumme sager, der optager os året igennem.

I år har International PEN valgt at trække fem sager frem i lyset, fra henholdsvis Eritrea, Mexico, Rusland, Bangladesh og Egypten. Der er desværre flere hundrede at tage af, fordelt over det meste af kloden.

Her nedenfor er en kort præsentation af de fem fængslede, forsvundne eller myrdede forfattere.

Wael Abbas er en anerkendt egyptisk forfatter og politisk aktivist. I maj 2018 blev han arresteret af en gruppe bevæbnede soldater, der stormede hans hus, bandt ham for øjnene og tog ham med. Han er anklaget for at have ”tilsluttet sig en terrororganisation”, at have ”spredt falske nyheder” og at have ”benyttet internettet til at propagandere for en terrororganisations ideologi”. Siden anholdelsen er retssagen mod Wael Abbas gentagende gange blevet udsat, senest den 16. oktober, hvor retten forlængede detentionen med yderligere 45 dage. PEN er overbevist om, at anklagerne mod Wael Abbas alene er knyttet til hans regeringskritiske artikler og fredelige, aktivistiske arbejde.

 

Dawit Isaak, en prisvindende svensk-eritreisk journalist og forfatter, der i mere end 17 år har været tilbageholdt uden dom i Eritrea. I et interview fra 2016 hævdede Eritreas udenrigsminister, at de alle journalister, der blev fængslet efter regeringens voldsomme angreb på landets uafhængige medier i 2001, fortsat er i live. Regeringen har imidlertid ikke fremlagt nogen form for beviser. Der er med andre ord intet kommet frem om hvor Dawit Isaak befinder sig, og familien har ikke haft kontakt med ham i alle disse år. Eritrea er et af de værste lande i verden, når det gælder fængsling af forfattere, journalister og andre regeringskritiske stemmer. PEN International er bekendt med mindst 17 journalister, der er forsvundet eller som tilbageholdes uden kontakt til omverdenen. Nogle af dem menes at være døde, som følge af de forfærdelige forhold, der er i de eritreiske fængsler.

Miroslava Breach Velducea, en erfaren mexicansk journalist, blev skudt udenfor sit hjem i Chihuahua den 23. marts 2017. Igennem tyve år havde hun skrevet om sociale forhold, korruption og politik. Hendes seneste artikel beskrev en forbindelse mellem narkokarteller og lokale politikere. I december 2017 arresterede Politiet en person med tilknytning til Sinaloa kartellet, som de hævder står bag drabet på Miroslava Breach Velducea. Andre, som menes at have været involveret i drabet, er fortsat på fri fod. Mexico er fortsat det farligste land i verden at arbejde som journalist i. Siden 2004 er mindst 96 forfattere og journalister blevet myrdet, og yderligere 11 er forsvundet. Alene i 2018 er mindst seks journalister blevet dræbt i forskellige dele af landet.

 

Oleg Sentsov, ukrainsk filmmand og forfatter, der afsoner en dom på 20 års fængsel i et højsikkerhedsfængsel i Sibirien, tusindvis af kilometer fra sit hjem og familie. Han nægtes enhver form for brevveksling med omverden. Oleg Sentsov menes at være blevet udsat for tortur forud for retssagen, hvor en russisk militærdomstol dømte ham for terrorisme, på baggrund af en helt igennem uretfærdig retssag. I juni 2018 indledte Oleg Sentsov en sultestrejke, for at få frigivet alle de ukrainske, politiske fanger, der befinder sig i russiske fængsler. Han havde sultestrejket i 145 dage, da de russiske fængselsmyndigheder den 6. oktober begyndte at tvangsfodre ham. Det er PENs opfattelse, at Oleg Sentsov alene er dømt for sin modstand mod den russiske annektering af Krim-halvøen.

 

Shahidul Alam er fotograf, forfatter og aktivist fra Bangladesh. Den 5. august 2018 blev han hentet af civile betjente i sit hjem i Dhaka. Kort forinden havde han ladet sig interviewe til Al Jazeera, og havde her kritiseret regeringens håndtering af en række studenterprotester for bedre lovgivning om trafiksikkerhed. Protesterne opstod efter at to studerende, den 29. juli, blev kørt ned og dræbt af en bus. Shahidul Alam er anklaget for at have fremsat ”provokerende bemærkninger” og ”falske oplysninger” efter den drakonisk hårde lov om Information, Kommunikation og Teknologi (ICT Act) fordi han kritiserede, at myndighederne skød med tåregas og gummikugler mod de studerende. Retten har nægtet Shahidul Alam løsladelse mod kaution, og han er derfor fortsat fængslet uden dom. Han hævder, at han har være udsat for tortur under fængslingen. Bangladesh er berygtet for deres meget strenge straffe, og hvis den 63-årige Alam dømmes, så risikerer han mellem syv og 14 års fængsel.

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